منابع مشابه
Bacterial Exotoxins and the Inflammasome
The inflammasomes are intracellular protein complexes that play an important role in innate immune sensing. Activation of inflammasomes leads to activation of caspase-1 and maturation and secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. In certain myeloid cells, this activation can also lead to an inflammatory cell death (pyroptosis). Inflammasome sensor proteins have ...
متن کاملExotoxins of Staphylococcus aureus.
This article reviews the literature regarding the structure and function of two types of exotoxins expressed by Staphylococcus aureus, pyrogenic toxin superantigens (PTSAgs) and hemolysins. The molecular basis of PTSAg toxicity is presented in the context of two diseases known to be caused by these exotoxins: toxic shock syndrome and staphylococcal food poisoning. The family of staphylococcal P...
متن کاملBacterial pyrogenic exotoxins as superantigens.
The recent discovery of the mode of interaction between a group of microbial proteins known as superantigens and the immune system has opened a wide area of investigation into the possible role of these molecules in human diseases. Superantigens produced by certain viruses and bacteria, including Mycoplasma species, are either secreted or membrane-bound proteins. A unique feature of these prote...
متن کاملBacillus cereus produces several nonproteinaceous insecticidal exotoxins.
Bacillus cereus is mainly known as a human food-borne opportunistic pathogen. Here, we used biological assays and HPLC to investigate the ability of B. cereus to produce insecticidal exotoxins during the stationary growth phase. None of the 575 B. cereus strains screened produced detectable levels of beta-exotoxin I, a small, heat-stable insecticidal nucleotide analogue. However, six out of a s...
متن کاملCytidylyl cyclase activity of bacterial exotoxins
3',5'-Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and 3',5'cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) are key second messengers for a wide variety of mammalian cellular processes. The natural occurrence of a third cyclic nucleotide, 3',5'-cyclic cytidine monophosphate (cCMP) had been discussed very controversially 30–35 years ago [1-3], but later, cCMP was identified unambiguously in various mammalian tis...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Hygiene
سال: 1982
ISSN: 0022-1724
DOI: 10.1017/s0022172400070054